Axel Marx

Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies

Axel Marx is Deputy Director of the Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies, an interdisciplinary research centre at KU Leuven. He has managed over 80 funded research projects, including multi-team and international European initiatives, and served as a consultant to various national and international organizations, such as EU institutions, several UN agencies, the OECD, World Bank, and multiple national governments. He has published over 200 academic works in leading international peer-reviewed journals, including ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, World Trade Review, Global Policy, International Labour Review, Regulation and Governance, European Political Science Review, and Sustainable Development, among others. He recently co-edited the Research Handbook on Global Governance, Business and Human Rights (Edward Elgar, 2022), and guest co-edited special issues in International Labour Review, Global Policy, Sustainability, and Journal of European Integration. He developed a MOOC on Sustainable Development Goals and Sustainable Trade on the EdX platform and launched an EdX Professional Certificate on Global Sustainability Governance. He regularly lectures at various universities and currently serves as co-chair of the Academic Advisory Council of the UN Forum on Sustainability Standards, and holds advisory roles in other international research and policy networks. His research interests include sustainability standards, sustainable development and trade, human and labour rights, global governance, and EU trade policy.

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2023
Charline Depoorter, Axel Marx

Fostering compliance with voluntary sustainability standards through institutional design: An analytic framework and empirical application

The institutional design of voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) has been recognized as an important determinant of compliance with VSS rules, which partly explains heterogeneity in VSS sustainability impacts. However, the current understanding of how VSS institutional design generates complianc...

Publication / Scientific paper

2024
Eva Boonaert, Charline Depoorter, Axel Marx, Miet Maertens

Carrots rather than sticks: Governance of voluntary sustainability standards and farmer welfare in Peru

Aligned with the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) have gained prominence as market-based tools for sustainability governance. However, whether VSS improve economic sustainability remains subject to vigorous debate. A major limitation of the evidence base ...

Publication / Scientific paper

2024
Axel Marx, Charline Depoorter, Santiago Fernandez de Cordoba, Rupal Verma, Mercedes Araoz, Graeme Auld, Janne Bemelmans, Elizabeth A. Bennett, Eva Boonaert, Clara Brandi, Thomas Dietz, Eve Fouilleux, Janina Grabs, Lars H. Gulbrandsen, James Harrison, Robert Heilmayr, Ariel Hernandez, Bernard Hoekman, Siti Rubiah Lambert, Eric Lambin, Li Li, Miet Maertens, Paulo Mortara Batistic, Etsuyo Michida, Junji Nakagawa, Archna Negi, Jorge A. Pérez-Pineda, Stefano Ponte, Ximena Rueda, Philip Schleifer, Vera Thorstensen, Hamish van der Ven

Global governance through voluntary sustainability standards: Developments, trends and challenges

Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) are transnational governance instruments that can be leveraged to pursue sustainable development in global value chains. They have proliferated since the 1990s in terms of their number and the share of global production they govern. This paper shares some key...

Publication / Policy paper

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